'standby', 'Line Interactive' and 'dual conversion' UPS's
A 'standby' ups spends most of its time off. when it detects the input power going out of range, it fires up its inverter, and uses a relay to cut itself and any client devices off from the mains
a line interactive' UPS is similar, but the inverter is running all the time, so it can react a lot faster.
a dual conversion UPS is always running all of its power output from the inverter, which is powered by a transformer, which also charges the battery. It should always give perfectly clean power, so long as its not broken.
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