There is something called "National Service", which is mainly used by religious women (of the Orthodox, but not Ultra-Orthodox, Jewish community), who do not join the army for reasons of "modesty" (I think it's foo-foo, and the many religious ladies who do join can attest to that, but that's how it goes). There are voluntary organizations which are recognized by the state for national service. So these women serve in them - as helpers in hospitals, in homes for the retarded, as teachers, and so on.

There are a lot of problems with this model, though. First, it's not available for everyone. Second, the decision which organizations are recognized and which are not is not always made in good faith. Of course, you could say that people should serve in government-controlled organizations, such as schools and some of the hospitals. But in a de-centralized, privatized economy, this is not really an option. Most of the "help to the nation" can come only through non-government bodies, and then it's the problem of selection.

I do agree, though, that people should earn their rights and not just come by them by right of birth. This is why monarchy does not exist in the western world (except as a symbolic institute). I believe even the inherited seats in the house of Lords were cancelled in England. People should learn to earn things like rights and money. I wish it was easy in reality, though.