The copying, to my knowledge, was done by scribes. They were among the only literate people. Most of what I've heard about the copying process was copying each individual character, stroke for stroke, line for line, keeping the same number of characters for each line in order to prevent mistakes. It was the job of a perfectionist, and about as near as you could get to a photocopy in those days.
And I put my faith that the meaning has been kept. The Bible states that the meaning will remain unchanged. It is, by definition, impossible to accurately transliterate from one language to another. But translating keeps the meaning. I believe that God has ensured that the meaning remains unchanged, and I have no reason to believe differently.
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